Understand Physics Inch by Inch
Interactive simulations, step-by-step explanations, and practice problems to master electrostatics and other physics concepts.
Master Electrostatics
Understand the fundamental principles of electric charges and fields through interactive simulations and step-by-step explanations.
F = 8987551787.997911 * 0.2222222222222222
Coulomb's law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Concept Notes
Clear explanations of key electrostatics concepts with examples
Definition
Coulomb's law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
F = (1/4πε₀) × (q₁q₂/r²) × r̂
Where:
- F is the electrostatic force between the charges (in newtons)
- ε₀ is the permittivity of free space (8.85 × 10⁻¹² F/m)
- q₁ and q₂ are the charges (in coulombs)
- r is the distance between the charges (in meters)
- r̂ is the unit vector pointing from one charge to the other
Key Properties
- Vector Nature: The force is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction.
- Attractive/Repulsive: Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
- Inverse Square Law: The force decreases with the square of the distance.
- Proportional to Charges: Doubling either charge doubles the force.
Mathematical Form
The constant term (1/4πε₀) is often written as k, known as Coulomb's constant:
k = 9 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²
This simplifies Coulomb's law to:
F = k × (q₁q₂/r²) × r̂
Interactive Simulations
Visualize and experiment with electrostatics concepts through these interactive simulations
Coulomb's law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
F = k × |q₁q₂| / r²
Where:
- F is the electrostatic force between the charges (in newtons)
- k is Coulomb's constant (9 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²)
- q₁ and q₂ are the magnitudes of the charges (in coulombs)
- r is the distance between the charges (in meters)
The force is repulsive if the charges have the same sign, and attractive if they have opposite signs.
Advanced Electrostatics Simulations
Explore more complex electrostatics concepts through these interactive simulations
Electric potential is the electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in space. It is a scalar quantity measured in volts (V).
V = k × q / r
Where:
- V is the electric potential (in volts)
- k is Coulomb's constant (9 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²)
- q is the charge (in coulombs)
- r is the distance from the charge (in meters)
Equipotential surfaces are surfaces where the electric potential is constant. They are always perpendicular to electric field lines.
In the simulation, the color intensity represents the magnitude of the electric potential, and the circles represent equipotential surfaces.
Electrostatics Visualized
Colorful visualizations to help you understand complex electrostatics concepts
F = k × |q₁q₂| / r² × r̂
Like Charges
Repel each other
Unlike Charges
Attract each other
Key Properties
- Force is directly proportional to the product of charges
- Force is inversely proportional to the square of distance
- Force acts along the line joining the charges
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